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Cholecystokinin Receptor

Cholecystokinin Receptor(CCK) are peptide that have important and well-characterized physiological and clinical functions as both hormones and neuropeptides, peripherally in the gastrointestinal system and centrally in the nervous system. In humans, CCK occurs as COOH-terminal amidated 58- and 8- amino acid major forms processed from a 115 amino acid preprohormone product of the gene residing on chromosome. They are classified as CCK1 and CCK2 based on their highly distinctive ligand selectivities. Two such internalization pathways have been described for the CCK1 receptor, clathrin-mediated endocytosis and potocytosis via caveolae. A novel mechanism of CCK1 receptor desensitization was described in which the rat pancreatic acinar cell receptor becomes immobilized in a specialized plasma membrane domain that is depleted in G proteins. Essentially all of the physiologic actions of CCK relate to nutrient homeostasis that is clearly very important to the survival of the organism. This spans activities related to nutrient emulsification with bile coming from its site of sequestration in the gallbladder, nutrient digestion by pancreatic proteolytic, lipolytic, and amylolytic enzymes, nutrient transit along the gastrointestinal tract and its impact on exposure to absorptive surface and its rate of absorption, and resultant satiety.

References

1.Wank SA.Am J Physiol. 1995 Nov;269(5 Pt 1):G628-46.
2.Laurence J. Miller,et al. Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Jul; 119(1): 83–95.

GPCR/G Protein

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