Cart
sales@molnova.com
PAI-1
PAI-1, encoded by SERPINE1, is a primary member of the serpin super-family and functions as an essential inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen PAI-1 is up-regulated in various pathological states such as vascular diseases, obesity, metabolic syndrome and particularly various types of cancer. PAI-1 expression is quite different in diverse cancer cell lines. PAI-1 is also correlated with poor outcome in several other cancer subtypes, particularly in node-negative breast cancer, ovarian serous carcinoma. As an important regulator of the fibrinolytic system, PAI-1 plays a pivotal role in acute thrombotic events. PAI-1 facilitated invasion and lung metastasis via promoting MMP-13 expression and secretion in osteosarcoma cells, and PAI-1 as well as MMP-13 concomitant expression was significantly associated with lung metastasis of osteosarcoma through clinical samples analysis.
High PAI-1 expression might increase the risk of head and neck carcinoma metastasis via immunohistochemical analysis and further overexpression of PAI-1 accelerated head and neck cancer cell migration mediated by the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. PAI-1 has also been found to promote cell proliferation in fibromatosis and pheochromocytoma. The roles of PAI-1 in cancer might vary with each experimental condition, especially the cancer type. Moreover, PAI-1 may also be involved in immunosuppression, a key condition for rapid tumor progression. Recently, it was reported that TGF-β could enhance PAI-1 secretion in NSCLC dependent on Smad3 phosphorylation, and PAI-1 in return could strengthen TGF-β signaling in tumor associated macrophages via the activation of NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 pathway, forming an immunosuppressive feed-forward loop.
References
1.Li S,et al. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;105:83–94.
High PAI-1 expression might increase the risk of head and neck carcinoma metastasis via immunohistochemical analysis and further overexpression of PAI-1 accelerated head and neck cancer cell migration mediated by the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. PAI-1 has also been found to promote cell proliferation in fibromatosis and pheochromocytoma. The roles of PAI-1 in cancer might vary with each experimental condition, especially the cancer type. Moreover, PAI-1 may also be involved in immunosuppression, a key condition for rapid tumor progression. Recently, it was reported that TGF-β could enhance PAI-1 secretion in NSCLC dependent on Smad3 phosphorylation, and PAI-1 in return could strengthen TGF-β signaling in tumor associated macrophages via the activation of NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 pathway, forming an immunosuppressive feed-forward loop.
References
1.Li S,et al. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;105:83–94.
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
11β-HSD(15)
15-PGDH(1)
ACC(10)
ACE(9)
AChE(29)
Adenylate Cyclase(10)
ALDH(14)
Aldose Reductase(5)
Aminopeptidase(17)
BACE(18)
Casein Kinase(41)
CAT(5)
Cathepsin(8)
CETP(10)
COMT(2)
CPG2(1)
CYPs(6)
Decarboxylase(3)
Dehydrogenase(87)
DGAT(4)
Dopamine beta-hydroxylase(2)
DPP(28)
Elastase(6)
FAAH(19)
Factor Xa(22)
Fatty Acid Synthase(16)
Ftase(2)
FXR(22)
Glucokinase(1)
GSNOR(2)
Guanylate Cyclase(9)
HMGCR(17)
IDH(7)
IDO(20)
IMPDH(2)
LDH(2)
LDL(5)
Lipase(13)
Lipid(9)
Lipoxygenase(0)
MAGL(3)
MAO(51)
MMP(48)
NAMPT(7)
Neprilysin(6)
NKCC(0)
Other Targets(8)
P450(87)
PAI-1(7)
Phosphatase(49)
Phospholipase(42)
PPAR(86)
Protein Phosphatase/PTP(6)
Renin(7)
Retinoid Receptor(23)
SCD(6)
Steroid Sulfatase (STS)(2)
Thioredoxin(1)
TPH(5)
Transferase(24)
Vitamin(39)
Xanthine Oxidase (XAO)(6)