Brain Cancer

Brain tumors, which are a main cause of morbidity and mortality in human being, often cause severe disabilities and heavy burden in families and health care systems. Primary brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of benign and malignant tumors arising from the brain parenchyma and its surrounding structures. These tumors are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in both adults and children, often generating severe disabilities and producing high burden in both families and health care systems. Gliomas are the most malignant and aggressive form of brain tumors, and account for the majority of brain cancer related deaths. some of the more well-known molecular markers (MGMT, 1p/19q, IDH, EGFR, p53, PI3K, Rb, and RAF),Additionally, a number of advances have been made in understanding glioma biology, including the discovery of cancer stem cells, termed glioma stem cells (GSC). There are identification methods for studying putative GSC’s (CD133, CD15, A2B5, Nestin, ALDH1, Proteasome activity, ABC transporters, and Label-retention). Much research has been done on these markers, there is still a significant amount that we do not yet understand, which may account for some conflicting reports in the literature.

References

1.Kirsten Ludwig and Harley I. Kornblum,et al. J Neurooncol. 2017 September ; 134(3): 505–512.
2.Wenting Ni ,et al. Cancer Medicine. 2018;7:3820–3833.