Isobutyl 2-ethylhexanoate (2-methylpropyl 2-ethylhexanoate) is an industrial flavor.

Astin A has antitumor activity.

Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) is the precursor of Pyr peptide. Pyroglutamate-modified Aβ (pEAβ) (3-42) is the core of the amyloid template block in Alzheimer's disease. pEAβ(3-42) accelerated the aggregation of Aβ(1-42), while Aβ(1-42) significantly slowed the primary and secondary nucleation of pEAβ(3-42).