Tangshenoside I might be a potential bioactive marker related to the hematopoietic and immunologic functions of Codonopsis Radix, which could be recommended as the index compound. It has α-glucosidase inhibition activity.

Osteocalcin (37-49), human is a peptide fragment of Osteocalcin. Osteocalcin (37-49), human has been used to detecte the intact human osteocalcin in HPLC purified plasma and peritoneal dialysate from patients with terminal renal insufficiency and in extracted human bone.

Carglumic acid is an orphan drug used for the treatment of hyperammonaemia in patients with N-acetylglutamate synthase deficiency. This rare genetic disorder results in elevated blood levels of ammonia, which can eventually cross the blood-brain barrier and cause neurologic problems, cerebral edema, coma, and death.