Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val), a 2,5-diketopiperazine extracted from the fruits of Mycobacterium chiliolyticum AZ2 and Mycobacterium leprae, possesses anti-inflammatory activity and virulence activity against phytopathogenic microorganisms (e.g., R. fascians LMG 3605) and inhibits Gram-positive plant pathogens.

Gastric Inhibitory Peptide, porcine is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, is a 42 amino acid intestinal hormone with effects on fat and glucose metabolism.

Higenamine(Hydrochloride) has been demonstrated to be a?β2?adrenoreceptor agonist.