Glucose oxidase, an enzyme extracted from the fungus Aspergillus niger, is an important industrial enzyme in the food industry and is widely used in the deoxygenation of foods such as wine, beer, fruit juice, milk powder, and in the improvement of flour and prevention of browning of foods, etc. It has antioxidant and potential anticancer activities.

3-Amino-2-piperidinone is a metabolite from all living organisms and can be used as a cyclic ornithine analogue.

N1-Acetylspermine trihydrochloride is a monoacetylated derivative of spermine which is an endogenous polyamine.