HIV-IN-11 is part of the hydroxylaminoglutaramide (HAPA) transition state isomeric series of HIV protease inhibitors and is a potent and selective inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. HIV-IN-11 competitively inhibits HIV-1 PR (Ki: 0.049 nM) and potently inhibits replication of HIV(IIIb)-infected MT4 lymphocytes at concentrations of 25.0-50.0 nM. HIV-IN-11 displays a longer half-life than indinavir sulfate in animal models and serves as a promising second-generation HIV protease inhibitor.

Chaetoglobosin Fex from the marine-derived endophytic fungus inhibits induction of inflammatory mediators via Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in macrophages.

(E/Z)-10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences.