5'-Guanylic acid is involved in several metabolic disorders, including AICA-ribosiduria pathway, ?adenosine deaminase deficiency,adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (aprt), and the 2-hydroxyglutric aciduria pathway.

p-Methylphenyl potassium sulfate is a prototype protein-bound uremic toxin derived from the metabolites of tyrosine and phenylalanine through liver.

7-Ketolithocholic acid (3α-Hydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholanic acid) can be absorbed and suppresses endogenous bile acid production and biliary cholesterol secretion.