Trans-Aconitic acid is normally present in normal human urine and it has been suggested that is present in larger amounts with Reye's syndrome and organic aciduria. trans-Aconitic acid is a substrate of enzyme trans-aconitate 2-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.144).

Tetrahydrofolic acid (5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid) is a vitamin B9 derivative that is a common one-carbon donor in organisms and is involved in growth and metabolism.

2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage.