Charantin is a steroidal saponin isolated from Momordica charantia. It increases the release of insulin and slowing down gluconeogenesis. Charantin can inhibit GSK-3.

N-Acetyl-L-histidine monohydrate (NAH) also exhibits a strong phylogenetic component in that it is a major osmolyte in the brain and eye of teleost (bony) fish, amphibians and reptiles, but is present in much lower amounts in brain and other tissues of homeothermic (endothermic) vertebrates.

N-Biotinyl-6-aminohexanoic acid can be used to perform N-terminal biotinylation.