Ac- [Nle4,DPhe7] a-MSH (4-10), amide

Xenin-8, a C-terminal octapeptide, is a biologically active fragment of Xenin. Xenin is a 25-amino acid peptide of the neurotensin/xenopsin family. Xenin-8 stimulates basal insulin secretion and potentiates the insulin response to glucose in a dose-dependent manner (EC50=0.16 nM).

Astragaloside A (Astragaloside IV) is the primary pure saponin isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, which has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.