Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate (Glutamate diacetate tetrasodium) is a biodegradable chelating agent that can be used as a dietary ingredient, extracts polyvalent metal ions from waste activated sludge (WAS) flocs, and enhances the production of volatile fatty acids from WAS.

Levulinic acid derived from the degradation of cellulose is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels such as ethyl levulinate.

Apelin-13 is an endogenous ligand of APJ receptor, and the EC 50 value of activated G protein coupled receptor is 0.37 nM.