IXA4 is a highly selective, nontoxic activator of IRE1/XBP1s and reduces APP secretion by activating IRE1. IXA4-stimulated IRE1 activation also enhanced pancreatic function.

Fibrinopeptide A, human is a 16-residue short polypeptide cleaved from fibrinogen by thrombin. Fibrinopeptide A, human locates at the NH2-termini of the Aα chain.The conversion of monomeric fibrinogen into polymeric fibrin is mediated by thrombin, which binds to the central region of fibrinogen and catalyzes cleavage of the 2 short peptides, the 16-residue fibrinopeptide A (FpA) and the 14-residue fibrinopeptide B (FpB), located at the NH2-termini of the Aα and Bβ chains, respectively.

1,2-Dimethoxybenzene, a natural product secreted by Silene latifolia, is an effective pollinator attractant for the nocturnal moth Hadena bicruris.