Amifampridine works by blocking potassium channel efflux in nerve terminals so that action potential duration is increased. Ca2+ channels can then be open for a longer time and allow greater acetylcholine release to stimulate muscle at the end plate.

Dodecyl isobutyrate (Dodecyl 2-methylpropanoate) is a compound found in Jatropha curcas that causes an escape reaction in thrips.

α-santonin is a potent antiparasitic agent.