3-Deoxyglucosone(3-Deoxy-D-glucosone) is synthesized by the intermediate pathway of the melad and polyol reactions.

Vindesine sulfate is a vinca alkaloid which is a synthetic derivative of vinblastine, binds to the microtubular proteins of the mitotic spindle, leading to crystallization of the microtubule and mitotic arrest or cell death.

Soyasaponin Aa and soyasaponin Ab dose-dependently markedly inhibit adipocyte differentiation and expression of various adipogenic marker genes, through the downregulation of the adipogenesis-related transcription factors PPARγ and C/EBPα± in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.