Lactic acid is an organic acid. It is a chiral molecule consisting of two optical isomers L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid with the L-isomer being the most common in living organisms. Lactic acid also is a microbial metabolite.

4,5-Dichlorocatechol is a substrate of the broad-spectrum chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase of pseudomonas chlororaphis RW71.

Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors in vitro.