Toosendanin has effects on the growth, cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and the involved signaling pathway in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-6 cells.

(Z)-9-Nonadecene was identified the first time in T. melanocephalum. (Z)-9-Nonadecene is a major component in mandibular glands and iridodials are produced in pygidial glands.

Glycyl-L-valine is a dipeptide composed of glycine and valine. It is an incomplete breakdown product of protein digestion or protein catabolism.