Kisspeptin 13 inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion with an IC50 of 1.2 nM. Kisspeptin 13 activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, causes hyperthermia, motor behavior and anxiety in rats. Kisspeptin 13 interacts with α2-adrenergic and 5-HT2 serotonin receptors, exhibits antidepressant efficacy. Kisspeptin 13 is an activator for GPR54 and GnRH receptor, which enhances memory and can be used in Alzheimer's disease research.

[Fmoc-Glu70,Ala71,72,Lys74]-C3a (70-77)

Diroximel fumarate, a prodrug of monomethyl fumarate in a controlled-release formulation, rapidly and potently converts to MMF in the body.