The herbs of Taxus cuspidata.

Physostigmine (Eserine) is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Physostigmine can crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimulates central cholinergic neurotransmission. Physostigmine can reverse memory deficits in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Physostigmine is also an antidote for anticholinergic poisoning.

2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate (2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid or isethionic acid) is an organosulfur compound containing a short chain alkane sulfonate linked to a hydroxyl group. Mammals are able to endogenously synthesize 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate via taurine through a possible enzymatic deamination process.