Clemastanin B has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, it exerts its anti-influenza activity by inhibiting the virus multiplication, prophylaxsis and blocking the virus attachment.

Apiin has inhibitory activity in-vitro on iNOS expression and nitrite production when added before LPS stimulation in the medium of J774.A1 cells.

L-Leucyl-L-alanine is a dipeptide composed of L-leucine and L-alanine joined by a peptide linkage.