Insulin (insulin from the bovine pancreas) is a two-chain polypeptide hormone produced in human pancreatic cells.Insulin cattle are often used as a growth supplement for cultured cells.

Artemisinin is a drug used to treat multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria (as well as increasingly vivax malaria).

Methylsuccinic acid is a normal metabolite found in human fluids. Increased urinary levels of Methylsuccinic acid (together with ethylmalonic acid) are the main biochemical measurable features in ethylmalonic encephalopathy a rare metabolic disorder with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance that is clinically characterized by neuromotor delay hyperlactic acidemia recurrent petechiae orthostatic acrocyanosis and chronic diarrhea.