GnRH III, an evolutionarily conserved member of the GnRH family, can stimulate the secretion of gonadotropins, it stimulates the secretion of both luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones.

α-Viniferin belongs to a class of organic compounds, also known as 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids, that are inhibitors of prostaglandin H2 synthetase. α-Viniferin has anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-tuberculosis, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes and other pharmacological activitie.

Diaminopimelic acid or DAPA is a lysine-like amino acid derivative that is a key component of the bacterial cell wall. DAPA is incorporated or integrated into peptidoglycan of gram negative bacteria and is the attachment point for Braun's lipoprotein (BLP or Murein Lipoprotein). BLP is found in gram-negative cell walls and is one of the most abundant membrane proteins.