Extracellular death factor (EDF) is the only single signaling molecule involved in Escherichia coli quorum sensing, and can initiate MAZEF-mediated cell death. Extracellular death factor significantly amplifies the endoribonucleolytic activities of both MazF and ChpBK.

Quin C1 is a selective and potent formylpeptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX) agonist with anti-inflammatory activity, inhibits neutrophil and lymphocyte production in BALF, and reduces the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, KC, and TGF-β1.Quin C1 is used in the study of lung injury.

Angiotensin I/II (1-6) is a peptide (ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE-HIS) that contains the amino acids 1-6 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide.