Dynorphin B (1-9) is a neuropeptide and N-terminal cleavage product of dynorphin B. The formation of dynorphin B (1-9) is blocked by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), a non-selective inhibitor of cysteine peptidases.

Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) is the precursor of Pyr peptide. Pyroglutamate-modified Aβ (pEAβ) (3-42) is the core of the amyloid template block in Alzheimer's disease. pEAβ(3-42) accelerated the aggregation of Aβ(1-42), while Aβ(1-42) significantly slowed the primary and secondary nucleation of pEAβ(3-42).

ABI-1968 PM is a derivative of ABI-1968, an apoptosis-stimulating agent and an inhibitor of viral replication.