Diaminopimelic acid or DAPA is a lysine-like amino acid derivative that is a key component of the bacterial cell wall. DAPA is incorporated or integrated into peptidoglycan of gram negative bacteria and is the attachment point for Braun's lipoprotein (BLP or Murein Lipoprotein). BLP is found in gram-negative cell walls and is one of the most abundant membrane proteins.

cis-ent-Tadalafil (cis-ent-IC-351) is a potent and selective PDE5 inhibitor that lowers blood pressure. cis-ent-Tadalafil is a potent and selective PDE5 inhibitor that reduces blood pressure.

4-Hydroxy-L-(+)-2-phenylglycine is a carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 inhibitor. 4-Hydroxy-L-(+)-2-phenylglycine improves whole-body glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet-induced obese mouse with insulin resistance.