N-acetylcarnosine (NAC) is thought to be able to combat some of the effects of oxidative stress as it has anti-oxidant properties.Right eyes of the rabbits (male grey chinchilla rabbits aged 3-4 months weighing 2-3 k) are instilled with 80 μL of formulation A containing 1 % N-Acetylcarnosine.

Gallic acid is found in almost all plants. Plants known for their high gallic acid content include gallnuts,grapes,tea,hops and oak bark.

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) as a well-known redox enzyme cofactor PQQ?can protect NS/PCs against glutamate toxicity associated with ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway