Adenosine N1-oxide, which is found in royal jelly, inhibited the secretion of inflammatory mediators by activated macrophages and reduced lethality in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxin shock.

Demethoxypiplartine is an amide alkaloids which can be isolated from Piper flaviflorum and Piper sarmentosum. Demethoxypiplartine has antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans with the IC50 of 18.1 μg/mL.

TrxR1-IN-B19, a TrxR1 inhibitor, selectively kills gastric cancer cells by a small molecule via targeting TrxR1 and ROS-mediated ER stress activation.