RGD Trifluoroacetate is a tripeptide that effectively triggers cell adhesion, addresses certain cell lines and elicits specific cell responses; RGD Trifluoroacetate binds to integrins.RGD Trifluoroacetate is the most effective and most often employed peptide sequence for stimulated cell adhesion on synthetic surfaces. There are 24 integrins binding to ECM molecules in a RGD dependent manner: α3β1, α5β1, α8β1, αIIbβ3, αvβ1, αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6, αvβ8, and to some extent α2β1 and α4β1.

(E)-p-Coumaryl alcohol ((E)-p-Hydroxycinnamyl alcohol) is a coumarin metabolite isolated from galangal rhizome extract.

Tetradehydrothalictrifoline is a nature product.