Xenin-8, a C-terminal octapeptide, is a biologically active fragment of Xenin. Xenin is a 25-amino acid peptide of the neurotensin/xenopsin family. Xenin-8 stimulates basal insulin secretion and potentiates the insulin response to glucose in a dose-dependent manner (EC50=0.16 nM).

Quercetin-3-O-sophoroside-7-O-glucoside is a natural product that can be isolated from Brasica rapa var. rapa leaves.

Calcium hydroxymethionine also known as 2-Hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid calcium salt is a nutrition enhancer. It exists as a solid soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 2-Hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid has been primarily detected in urine.