p-Hydroxyphenethyl anisate, a natural product from Notopterygium forbe-siiBoiss, is a novel polymeric sustained-release material that, after block copolymerization with AAPBA, produces nanoparticles with good pH sensitivity, glucose sensitivity, insulin loading rate, and stability.

Palmitoyl glutamic acid (N-Palmitoyl-L-glutamic acid) is an acyl amino acid that inhibits aortic constriction and counteracts haloperidol-induced oral motility disorders.

N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac or NANA) is the predominant sialic acid found in mammalian cells.