FM04 is an orally active and highly potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) with an EC50 value of 83 nM. FM04 can interact with Q1193 and I1115 in human P-gp nucleotide binding domain 2 (NBD2).

Somatostatin (GHIH), a peptide hormone, regulates the endocrine system and affects neural transmission and cell proliferation by interacting with G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors and inhibiting the release of multiple secondary hormones. Somatostatin inhibits secretion of insulin and glucagon.

Tetrahydroalstonine is an indole alkaloid extracted from the fruit of Rhazya stricta and is a selective α2-adrenoceptor antagonist. tetrahydroalstonine has shown antipsychotic activity in Rauwolfia tetraphylla.