Adenosine triphosphate is an adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.

3-Hydroxyvaleric acid participates in the complementary pathway of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a Group 1A carcinogen and a secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) primarily induces mutations by causing a G to T transversion at the third nucleotide of codon 249 in the tumor suppressor gene p53. In the body, Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) can cause damage to the intestines and kidneys and has some teratogenic effects.