Dihydropalmatine is a natural product derived from the roots and stem barks of Berberis aristata.

Isoxepac is a non-steroidal anti-antiphlogistic agent and analgesic.

Taccalonolide AJ is a microtubule stabilizer; it has excellent and highly persistent antitumor efficacy when administered directly to the tumor, suggesting that the lack of antitumor efficacy seen with systemic administration of AJ is likely due to its short half-life in vivo.