5-Hydroxymethyluracil is an oxidation damage product derived from thymine or 5-methylcytosine. It is a product of thymine dioxygenase. Additional deamination products such as 5-hydroxymethyluracil are formed when cells are under oxidative stress that is induced either by oxidizing agents or by mitochondrial dysfunction.

Bonducellin has anti-inflammatory activities, it can significantly and dose-dependently inhibit the inflammatory mediators; nitric oxide (NO), and cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-12.

3'-Methoxydaidzin has antioxidation activity, it may be a potential neuroprotective substance in Gegen Qinlian decoction.