alpha-Ketoglutarate is a key molecule in the TCA cycle. It can be produced from glutamate by oxidative deamination via glutamate dehydrogenase and as a product of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent transamination reactions (mediated by branched-chain amino acid transaminases) in which glutamate is a common amino donor.

(E)-6-(4-methylbenzylidene)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid is a 2-?benzylidene tetrahydronaphthone derivative and can be used as a firefly luciferase inhibitor in kit.

IRG1-IN-1, an itaconic acid derivative, inhibits Immune Response Gene 1 (IRG1) activity and is suitable for cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune disease research.