Deoxyelephantopin has anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and wound healing activities;?it also has antitumor activity.Deoxyelephantopin inhibits NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and β-catenin signaling

Tomatidine decreases inducible NO synthase and COX-2 expression through suppression of I-κBα phosphorylation, NF-κB nuclear translocation and JNK activation, which in turn inhibits c-jun phosphorylation and Oct-2 expression.

NF-κΒ activator 2 is a potent and orally active NF-κB activator, with an EC 50 of 1.58 μM. NF-κΒ activator 2 induces SOD 2 through increasing NF-κB expression and activation. NF-κΒ activator 2 can be used for the research of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) .