Methyl nicotinate is the methyl ester of that is used as an active ingredient as a rubefacient in over-the-counter topical preparations indicated for muscle and joint pain.?The action of methyl nicotinate as a rubefacient is thought to involve peripheral vasodilation.

Silibinin, the main flavonoid extracted from the milk thistle Silybum marianum, displays hepatoprotective properties in acute and chronic liver injury.

8-Epideoxyloganic acid possesses bioactivities of analgesia, homeostasis and anti-inflammatory. It has the potential to serve as anti-inflammatory agents during oxidative stress, the inhibition of ROS production, possibly through modulation of NOX activity and/or the radical scavenging effect, and beta2 integrin expression in leucocytes.