Dihydrolipoic acid, a dithiol-containing carboxylic acid, acts as a general antioxidant that is highly reactive against a variety of reactive oxygen species, including peroxynitirite, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite, at concentrations ranging from 0.01-0.5 mM.

Crocetine dimethyl ester (Dimethylcrocetin) is a saffronin derivative exhibiting antioxidant properties, inhibition of AChE activity, and suppression of cell growth and differentiation.

Homobutein is a dual inhibitor of HDACs and NF-κB with IC50s of 190 and 38 μM. Homobutein is an iron chelator with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiparasite, and antioxidation activities.