N-Acetylmannosamine is a monosaccharide that is used as a precursor in the chemical or enzymatic synthesis of the neuraminic acids found in glycolipids and glycoproteins.

C20 Ceramide (N-Arachidoyl-D-sphingosine) is a 20:0 ceramide found in the brain that crosses the blood-brain barrier to activate microglia and induce depressive-like behavior.

H-Leu-Leu-OMe HBr (L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester HBr) is a dipeptide condensation product of L-Leucine methyl ester, a peptide that is toxic to natural killer T-cells and possesses immunosuppressive activity that abrogates all natural killer (NK) cell functions in mixed lymphocyte populations.