(+)-Guaiacin has significant neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities, it can inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2.

Ethylmalonic acid can be found in blood cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and urine as well as in human fibroblasts prostate and skeletal muscle tissues. Moreover ethylmalonic acid is found to be associated with anorexia nervosa and malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency. Ethylmalonic acid is a non-carcinogenic potentially toxic compound.

8-Prenylkaempferol is an effective agent for attenuating pro-inflammatory NO induction, it may be an anti-inflammatory agent for suppressing influenza A virus-induced RANTES production acts by blocking PI3K-mediated transcriptional activation of NF-κB and IRF-3 and in part by interfering with IκB degradation which subsequently decreases NF-κB translocation.