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Anemia
| Anemia, defined as a decreased quantity of circulating red blood cells (RBCs), otherwise known as erythrocytes, is a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that one third of the world’s population is affected, with considerable resultant morbidity and mortality, particularly in children.Recent studies have produced important insights into the molecular mechanisms of normal RBC homeostasis and how these processes go awry in human disease The identification of GDF11 as a negative regulator of erythropoiesis and discoveries of numerous enzymes, cytokines, and hormones that regulate iron metabolism. Manipulating newly identified transcriptional regulators of HbF production, such as BCL11A and histone-modifying enzymes, remains challenging and the full-spectrum of side effects from targeting these molecules is unknown.Recent work has shown that polymeric human IgA1 can stimulate erythropoiesis by interacting with transferrin receptor 1 to augment EpoR signaling, the potential of small molecule inhibitors of HDACs and LSD1/KDM1A as anti-cancer agents is being studied in numerous clinical trials. |
References
1.Vijay G. Sankaran,et al. Nat Med. 2015 March ; 21(3): 221–230.