KKI 5 is a serine protease inhibitor that inhibits kallikrein and plasmin. KKI 5 may exhibit anticancer chemotherapeutic benefit and may also be used as a treatment for angioedema.

1-Methyl-2-(methylthio)imidazole is an impurity of Methimazole, a thiourea antithyroid agent that prevents iodine organification, thus inhibiting the synthesis of thyroxine.

Aftin-4, an amyloid forty-two inducer, activates γ-secretase, promoting the generation of amyloid-β-1-42 (Aβ1-42) from amyloid-β protein precursor.