BT173 is a novel inhibitor of homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2 ), attenuating renal fibrosis through suppression of the TGF-?1/Smad3 pathway.

Cell-permeable calmodulin (CaM) agonist that binds to the EF-hand/Ca2+-binding site; produces CaM-dependent activation of phosphodiesterase. Also binds to cytoplasmic sites on other Ca2+ channels, including NMDA and HIV-1 gp120-activated channels, inhibiting Ca2+-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis (IC50 = 52 μM). Shown to protect pancreatic acinar cells from gossypol induced necrosis. Inhibits VLA-5-mediated adhesion of mast cells to fibronectin in vitro and attenuates inflammatory cell influx in guinea pig lung in vivo.

Piperazine, 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]- is a piperazine derivative.