Hippuric acid is an acyl glycine formed by the conjugation of benzoic acid with glycine. Hippuric acid is a normal component of urine and is typically increased with increased consumption of phenolic compounds (tea wine fruit juices).

Fructoheptasaccharide belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=7).

Methylsuccinic acid is a normal metabolite found in human fluids. Increased urinary levels of Methylsuccinic acid (together with ethylmalonic acid) are the main biochemical measurable features in ethylmalonic encephalopathy a rare metabolic disorder with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance that is clinically characterized by neuromotor delay hyperlactic acidemia recurrent petechiae orthostatic acrocyanosis and chronic diarrhea.