SP-13786 is an inhibitor of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) (IC50 : 3.2 nM); also inhibits prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP) ( IC50 : 1.8 μM).

FM04 is an orally active and highly potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) with an EC50 value of 83 nM. FM04 can interact with Q1193 and I1115 in human P-gp nucleotide binding domain 2 (NBD2).

TNF-α (10-36), human is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the acute phase stress response.