The branches of Rhamnus cathartica.

Naringenin is a flavanone that is considered to have a bioactive effect on human health as antioxidant, free radical scavenger, antiinflammatory, carbohydrate metabolism promoter, immunity system modulater. This substance has also been shown to repair DNA.

Gamma-Methylleucine is an auxiliary for copper-catalyzed asymmetric Michael reactions.