[Leu144,Arg147]-PLP (139-151) is a mutant peptide fragment of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP), with the tryptophan and histidine at positions 144 and 147 respectively replaced by leucine and arginine. [Leu144,Arg147]-PLP (139-151) also serves as a T cell receptor (TCR) antagonist for encephalitogenic Th1 clones, blocking their activation in vitro. Furthermore, [Leu144,Arg147]-PLP (139-151) can inhibit the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Anethole (anise camphor) is an organic compound that is widely used as a flavoring substance.

Fluorofenidone attenuates the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis partly by suppressing NADPH oxidase and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition via the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.