Monomethyl glutaric acid is a metabolite of dibasic esters(DBEs) by nasal respiratory and olfactory mucosae in vitro demonstrated that hydrolysis of DBEs yields mainly the monomethyl esters (monomethyl adipate monomethyl. glutarate and monomethyl succinate).

Scutebarbatine A shows significant antitumor effects on A549 cells in vivo and in vitro via mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by up-regulating expressions of caspase-3 and 9, and down-regulating Bcl-2.

BD-AcAc 2 (Ketone Ester), added in diet, could elevate mean blood ketone bodies of 3.5 mm and lowered plasma glucose, insulin, and leptin in animals.