JTS-653 is a highly potent and selective transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonist in vitro and in vivo. JTS-653 attenuates chronic pain refractory to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.

2-Hydroxyemodin is an active metabolite of emodin in the hepatic microsomes. Emodin is an anthraquinone present in fungal metabolites and constituent of rhubarb. 2-Hydroxyemodin proves to be mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA1537 in the absence of activation system.

Ru-32514 is a benzodiazepine receptor agonist that partially reverses stress-induced arousal in mice and is used in the study of neurological disorders.